selective function - определение. Что такое selective function
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Что (кто) такое selective function - определение

THEORY WITHIN THE PRACTICE OF PSYCHOLOGY
Selective distortion; Selective Exposure Theory; Selective exposure
  • Festinger's groundbreaking study on cognitive dissonance is the foundation for Modern Selective Exposure Theory.
  • This image, which can be seen as a young woman or an older woman, serves as an example of how individuals can choose to perceive the same image differently. According to Selective Exposure Theory, people tend to seek out the version of a stimulant that they want to be exposed to, such as a form of the stimulant that they are already familiar with.
  • Television is the most pervasive conduit of selective exposure in modern society.
  • Individuals tailor their media choices to avoid cognitive dissonance and avoid mental incongruity.

Selective auditory attention         
THE FOCUS ON A SPECIFIC SOURCE OF A SOUND OR SPOKEN WORDS
Selective hearing; Selective deafness; User:Spicysugar07/Selective Auditory Attention; Wikipedia talk:Articles for creation/Selective Auditory Attention; Selective Auditory Attention
Selective auditory attention or selective hearing is a type of selective attention and involves the auditory system. Selective hearing is characterized as the action in which people focus their attention intentionally on a specific source of a sound or spoken words.
selective service         
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  • military segregated]].
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  • The former seal of the Selective Service System
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  • Selective service information available in a local post office in [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
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US FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AGENCY THAT MAINTAINS INFORMATION ON THOSE POTENTIALLY SUBJECT TO MILITARY CONSCRIPTION
Selective Service; 3-A deferment; Selective service; Class 1-A; 4F (military conscription); U.S. Selective Service; 4-F (US Military); Military deferment; Student deferment; Selective Service Administration; Selective Service Board; 4-F (Selective Service System); Class 1-Y; Selective Service registration; Selective Service Number; Selective Service System classification; Selective Service Draft Act; Director of Selective Service; D.S.S. Form 1
In the United States, selective service is a system of selecting and ordering young men to serve in the armed forces for a limited period of time.
N-UNCOUNT
selective service         
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  • military segregated]].
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  • The former seal of the Selective Service System
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  • Selective service information available in a local post office in [[Boston, Massachusetts]]
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US FEDERAL GOVERNMENT AGENCY THAT MAINTAINS INFORMATION ON THOSE POTENTIALLY SUBJECT TO MILITARY CONSCRIPTION
Selective Service; 3-A deferment; Selective service; Class 1-A; 4F (military conscription); U.S. Selective Service; 4-F (US Military); Military deferment; Student deferment; Selective Service Administration; Selective Service Board; 4-F (Selective Service System); Class 1-Y; Selective Service registration; Selective Service Number; Selective Service System classification; Selective Service Draft Act; Director of Selective Service; D.S.S. Form 1
¦ noun N. Amer. service in the armed forces under conscription.

Википедия

Selective exposure theory

Selective exposure is a theory within the practice of psychology, often used in media and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor information which reinforces their pre-existing views while avoiding contradictory information. Selective exposure has also been known and defined as "congeniality bias" or "confirmation bias" in various texts throughout the years.

According to the historical use of the term, people tend to select specific aspects of exposed information which they incorporate into their mindset. These selections are made based on their perspectives, beliefs, attitudes, and decisions. People can mentally dissect the information they are exposed to and select favorable evidence, while ignoring the unfavorable. The foundation of this theory is rooted in the cognitive dissonance theory (Festinger 1957), which asserts that when individuals are confronted with contrasting ideas, certain mental defense mechanisms are activated to produce harmony between new ideas and pre-existing beliefs, which results in cognitive equilibrium. Cognitive equilibrium, which is defined as a state of balance between a person's mental representation of the world and his or her environment, is crucial to understanding selective exposure theory. According to Jean Piaget, when a mismatch occurs, people find it to be "inherently dissatisfying".

Selective exposure relies on the assumption that one will continue to seek out information on an issue even after an individual has taken a stance on it. The position that a person has taken will be colored by various factors of that issue that are reinforced during the decision-making process. According to Stroud (2008), theoretically, selective exposure occurs when people's beliefs guide their media selections.

Selective exposure has been displayed in various contexts such as self-serving situations and situations in which people hold prejudices regarding outgroups, particular opinions, and personal and group-related issues. Perceived usefulness of information, perceived norm of fairness, and curiosity of valuable information are three factors that can counteract selective exposure.